Colonial landscapes were central visual tools through which Fascist Italy imagined and legitimized its imperial ambitions. Rather than neutral depictions, these images conveyed narratives of control, modernization, and historical destiny. Yet the institutional processes that shaped their production, circulation, and display – particularly within the field of colonial art – remain insufficiently understood. The project addresses this gap through new archival research on the former Museo Coloniale in Rome. The museum’s archive remained inaccessible for decades, limiting the study of provenance, acquisition, and exhibition practices. My doctoral research examined the museum’s artistic collection, demonstrating how representations of colonial territories conveyed imperial ideology, but could not fully address these issues. The recent opening of the museum’s archive (October 2025) now makes it possible to investigate them systematically. By combining archival research with visual analysis, the project reconstructs how colonial landscape artworks were selected, acquired, and displayed, thus illuminating their role within Fascist cultural and colonial policies.